Kidney Test

Version 1
1. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis:
a) Hypotension (-)
b) Hematuria (+)
c) Treatment is antibiotic (-)
d) Nephritic syndrome (-)

2. pH 4.5 urine can be found in:
a) respiratory acidosis (-)
b) metabolic acidosis (+)
c) hypoaldosteronism (-)
d) urea splitting organism (-)

3. In nephritic syndrome, the urinary sediments contain:
a) RBC (-)
b) Blood cast (+)
c) High cholesterol (-)
d) High lipid (-)

4. The symptoms of renal insufficiency are:
a) GFR = 120ml/min (-)
b) Concentration ability disorder (+)
c) Azotemia (+)
d) Respiratory acidosis (-)

5. Protein lost in urine in nephritic syndrome:
a) < 3.5g/day (-)
b) Is the only cause of edema (-)
c) Lead to rise of plasma cholesterol (+)
d) Lead to impairment of immunity (+)

6. Decrease osteodystrophy:
a) Not cause by decrease in Vitamin D (-)
b) Easily fracture (+)
c) Caused by renal metabolic acidosis (+)
d) Cause by increase of plasma calcium (-)

7. In uremia:
a) There is increase of non-protein nitrogen in plasma (+)
b) Never isostenuria (-)
c) Renal osteodystrophy (+)
d) Metabolic acidosis (+)


Version 2

1. Plasma concentration of Ca2+ in chronic renal insufficiency:
a) Secondary hyperparathyroidism (+)
b) Increase due to metabolic alkalosis (-)
c) Increase glomerular filtration (-)
d) Increase because of hyperparathyroidism (-)

2. Hydronephrosis:
a) Insensivity of collecting duct to ADH (+)
b) Bilateral (-)
c) Lead to repeated UTI (+)
d) Can be caused by sudden obturation of ureter by urinary stone (-)

3. Cause of nephritic syndrome:
a) Minimal change disease (+)
b) Goodpasture syn (-)
c) Diabetes mellitus (+)
d) Diabetes insipidus (-)

4. Typical finding in glomerulopathy:
a) Hematuria (+)
b) Cylinduria (+)
c) Nephron loss (+)
d) Pyuria (-)

5. Interstitial nephritis:
a) Usually caused by infection (-)
b) Accompanied by increase number of eosinophil in urinary sediment (+)
c) Is accompanied by hematuria (-)
d) Usually caused by hypersensitivity to drugs (+)

6. Functional proteinuria is typical for:
a) Heavy physical load (+)
b) Glomerulonephritis (-)
c) Myeloma (-)
d) Pyelonephritis (-)

7. Isolated hematuria occurs in:
a) Nephritic syndrome (-)
b) Nephrolithiasis (+)
c) Trauma (+)
d) Thrombocytopenia (+)


Version 3

1. The causes of anemia in chronic renal failure are:
a) Possible bleeding disorder due to thrombocytopenia (+)
b) Haemodilution due to oliguria/anuria (+)
c) Decrease iron absorption due to metabolic acidosis (-)
d) Decrease renal production of erythropoietin (+)

2. Patient in anuric phase of ARF is endangered by:
a) Metabolic acidosis (-)
b) Hyperkalaemia (+)
c) Hypertension (+)
d) Brain/lung edema (+)

3. Nephrotic syndrome:
a) Large proteinuria, hyperproteinemia (-)
b) Hyperlipidemia (+)
c) Edema (+)
d) Secondary hyperaldosteronism(+)

4. Selective proteinuria characterised by:
a) Excess of mainly globulin (-)
b) Excess of equal albumin+globulin (-)
c) Excretion of mainly albumin (+)
d) Excretion of Bence-Jones protein (-)

5. Azotemia means:
a) Increase in proteinuria (-)
b) Increase in uric acid (+)
c) Increase in BUN (+)
d) Increase in ammonia (-)

6. During ARF, rapid development of:
a) Hyperkalaemia (+)
b) Hypernatremia (+)
c) Acidosis (-)
d) Hypercalcemia (-)

7. Typical finding in nephritic syndrome:
a) Reduced intravascular volume (-)
b) Increase glomerular permeability (+)
c) Increase in thrombogenesis (+)
d) Increase albumin synthesis by liver (+)

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